Neutron Sources#
This page collects information about neutron sources that were either running historically, or are still running in service, or will be coming online in the near future. The picture down below is a track of neutron sources history, dating all the back to the discovery of neutrons by J. Chadwick in 1932.
We will keep expanding the page as more information is collected.

Particle Driven#
Resources in early days with small scale of production
350 mCi Ra-Be source
I am not finding any materials introducing the early status of this type of source. If anyone has anything to share, please feel free to get in touch with Yuanpeng Zhang.
Reactor Based#
CP-1 & CP-2 at Chicago, US
Resources in early days
X-10 at Oak Ridge, US
Resources in early days
NRX & NRU at Chalk River, Canada
Closed in 2018. See the article here.
MTR at Idaho, US
Fully decommissioned in 2011
HFIR at Oak Ridge, US
Started in 1965 and fully functioning now
HFBR at Brookhaven, US
Shut down in 1999
ILL at Grenoble, France
Started in 1970s and fully functioning now
FRM II at Garching, Germany
Started in 2000s and fully functioning now
Spallation Based#
ZING-P at Chicago, US
Started in 1977 and terminated in 1980.
WNR at Los Alamos, US
Started in 1970s and still in service but not open to general users.
IPNS at Chicago, US
Started in 1981 and terminated in 2008.
KENS at Tsukuba, Japan
Started in 2000 and terminated in 2006.
ISIS neutron source at Oxford, UK
Started in 1984 and fully functioning now
SNS at Oak Ridge, US
Started in 2006 and fully functioning now
JPARC at Tokai, Japan
Started in 2008 and fully functioning now
CSNS at Dongguan, China
Started in 2018 and fully functioning now
ESS at Lund, Sweden
Planned to function in 2027
S-SNS (second target station at SNS) at Oak Ridge, US
Construction planned to start in 2025
SINQ at PSI, Swiss
Started in 1996 and fully functioning now
Though produced through spallation, this is a steady rather than a pulsed neutron source.
More Resources#
Here we are zipping up a few presentations about neutron sources. Click here to download them.